Static governor.



No. 663,293. Patented Deb. 4, |900.

B. v. NonnB'ERG. srATnc savannas.

(Appumion med mr. s, 1899A {Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

.lill

4 www@ WI TNESSES Nuqesggs. Patented Dec. 4, |900. B. v. NURDBERG.

STATIC GOVERNOR.

(Application filed Mar. 8, 1899A (No Model.) l l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M///VESSES /NVf/vro/f @Y 7% BY'MMMM u *l c ATTORNEYS,

ma mams mns co, PHoToLnHo., wmNsToN, o c.

'UNrrEn BRUNO v. NORDBERC., on MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR To THE NORDBERG MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OE SAME PLACE.

sTATlo GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 663.298, dated December 4, i960.

Application led March 8,1899.

To @ZZ wwnz t may concern.:

Be it known that 1, BRUNO V. NORDBERG, a citizen of the Grand Duchy of Finland, Russia, residing at Milwaukee, in the county 5 of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Static Governors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part 1o thereof.

My invention relates to governors for automatically changing the speed of an engine under a substantially constant load as distinguished from governors for maintaining a Substantially constant speed under a variable load. It is particularly applicable to pumping-engines or compressors.

rlhe main objects of the invention are t render governors of the class first mentioned zo more sensitive or responsive and generally to improve their construction and operation.

lt consists in Certain novel features in the construction and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter particularlydescribed, and pointed out in the claims. i

ln the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts in the several figures.

Figure l is a plan view and partial horizon- 3o tal section of the governor proper. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on theline 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. is a similar section on the line 3 3, Fig. l; and Fig. a is a side elevation of the governor, including the adjustable regulating connection or mechanism employed in connection therewith, certain parts of the regulating' mechanism being broken away and Shown in section.

A designates a tubulaigovernor-stand-in which the vertical rotary shaft B is Supported in suitable bearings. Upon the upper end of the shaft B is pinned or otherwise secured a sleeve or cross-head C, formed or provided on opposite sides with forked arms D D. From these arms are centrally suspended rolling weights E E by links F F. Two pairs of cone-shaped weights are shown, one pairsuspended by and on opposite sides of each link. The links are formed at their outer or lower 5o ends,as shown in Fig.3,with sleevesf, through which the rods e, carrying Said weights, pass Serial No. 708,235. (No model.)

horizontally,the weights being centrally bored and pivoted or jonrnaled on these rods.

G is a cylindrical case formed or provided with a central hub or sleeve g, which is loosely'mounted upon the Shaft B between the stand A and the sleeve C. It has a coverplate H screwed or otherwise fastened thereon and formed with a central hub or sleeve h, which also loosely encircles the shaft B. On 6o the under side of this cover-plate are formed planed ways h h', which rest upon the peripheries of the weights E. This plate is also provided on opposite sides of the center with depending pins I lor vertically-disposed projections which are arranged to bear against the peripheries of rollers jj, journaled on rods or arms J J, extending horizontally from opposite sides of the sleeve C at righ tangles to the arms D D. By this means the case G and 7o its cover are caused to turn with the shaft A and weights E and are allowed to rise and fall freely upon said shaft. The weights E are turned true, and being centrally pivoted or jonrnaled upon the rods e and freely suspended by the links F have a free rolling contact with the cover-plate H, resting thereon, thereby avoiding frictional 'resistance to their movement and rendering the governor more sensitive or responsive to variations in 8o speed.

While the construction and arrangement of the weights and their connections with the governor-shaft, shown and described, are considered preferable, they may be made of various other form, sand their connections may be changed without material eiect upon their operationfor example, a single weight of cylindrical or other form may be substituted for the two conical weights on each side of 9o the governor-shaft, and each weight may be suspended by a forked link or a pair of links. The construction of the case which incloses and rests upon the weights may also be modified in various ways without aecting the result-as, for example, the body or lower portion G of said case may be dispensed with and the plate H may be connected by rods or otherwise with the sleeve g, through which the regulating connection with the valve-gear Ioo of the engine is made. This regulating connection may be variously constructed and ar- `bracket a.

ranged, either for manual or automatic adj ustment, or both, to adapt the governor to the different conditions or uses to which the engine is applied.

Referring to Fig. 4, which shows one form of adjustable regulating connection or mechi anism between the governor proper and the valve-gear of the engine, K is a floatinglever consisting in the present instance of two parallel horizontally-disposed bars pivotally connected with opposite sides of a collar 7c, in which the sleeve g` or other vertically-movable part of the governor is free to turn, as shown in Fig. 2. One end or arm of this lever is connected by the rod L with the valve-releasing or cnt-oif mechanism of the engine (not shown) by a system or train of rods and levers comprising a rod L, bell-crank lever M, and rod N, or by other suitable means. The rod L may be made in two sections having reverse screw-threads and connected by a right and left threaded nut Z, by which said rod may he manually lengthened or shortened for the purpose hereinafter explained. O is a cylinder closed at its upper end and `supported in a vertical position parallel with the shaft B by a bracket c on the governor-stand. Pis a plunger iitted in said cylinder and projecting therefrom through its lower open end. The plunger P is connected on each side of the cylinder O by a rod p with the end or arm of lever K opposite that with which the valvegear is connected. The upper end of the cylinder O is connected by a pipe o with the discharge chamber or conduit o'f the pump or with any passage or reservoir containing fluid, the volume or pressure of which is governed or aiected by the operation of the pump. The lower end of said plunger is formed or provided with a pin bearing centrally against the bottom of a flanged cup which rests upon the upper end of a spiral spring Q, supported in turn at its lower end upon an inverted flanged cup q', which bears centrally upon the point of an adjusting-screw R. This screw is carried in line with the plunger P by a spider S, suspended by rods s from the A forked or double lever T, having a spring fulcrum connection t with the governor-stand, is pivotally connected at one end with opposite sides of the plunger P at its lower end and by the rods p with the lever K. An adjustable -weight U is suspended from the other end of said lever. Vis a dashpot supported by an extension of the bracket a., parallel with the cylinder O. In it is fitted a plunger which is connected by a rod fu with laterally-projecting arms p' on the rods p.

The governor and its adjustable regulating connection with the valve-gear, 4as shown and hereinbefore described, operates as follows: By an increase in the speed of the engine and ofthe shaft B, which is connected therewith in any suitable manner, the weights E are thrown outward and upward by centrifugal force, thereby raising the gear case or plate H and the sleeve g, which carries the collar 7a, to which the lever K is fulcrumed or pivoted. A decrease in the speed of the governor allows the weights and the case to descend by gravity. In these movements the weights roll freely without friction against the ways h on the under side of the cover-plate H, which, with the case G, serves as a counterpoise, and the rollers j, engaging the pins I, turn the case and at the same time permit it to freely move up and down with the weights. .A comparatively limited range in the movement of the weights and of the counter-poise resting thereon admits of a wide variation in the speed of the engine to which the governor is applied. The spring Q and the weight U being adjusted for any given pressure that the pump or compressor is to maintain and the parts of the regulating connection or mechanism occupying under such pressure the relative posit-ions shown in Fig. 4, whenever a slight increase of pressure occurs it will be communicated through the pipe o to the cylinderO and will force the plungerP downward against the tension of spring Qand the opposing weight U. The lever K will thus be swung slightly on its pivot, connection with the collar 7c as a fulcrum, so as to shift the rod N in the direction indicated `by the arrow l and cause an earlier release of 'the steamvalves or an earlier cut-off. When this occurs, the engine slows down, and the weights E in consequence descend slightly, 'carrying with them the case G or counterp'oise Vand the lever K, which now turns on its pivot connections with rods p as a fulcrum unt-il the valvereleasing or cut-0E mechanism is returned to its original position or the normal cut ol of the engine is restored. '[he engine will now continue to run at a slower rate of speed until the pressure against which the pump is working is again slightly varied. 1f it is lowered, the diminished pressure in the cylinder O allows the spring Q, aided by the weight U, to force the plunger P upward and to swing the. lever-K` on its pivot connection with the case G or counterpoise, and thereby Shift the rod N in the properdirection (in dicated by the arrow 2) to produce a later cutoft'. The engine being thus supplied with more steam increases in speed, thereby causingthe governor-weights to rise and lift the case G or counterpoise and to turn the lever K on its pivot connections with rods p until the valve-releasing or cut-oif mechanism is returned `to its original position or the normal cut-o of the engineis restored. The engine will `cont-inne to run at this higherspeed until another change, either a. rise or fall, in the pressure produced or affected by the pump takes place.

The regulating mechanism is adjusted so that the engine and pump or compressor will produce and maintain a greater or less pressure by 'varying the tension of the spring Q by means of the adjusting-screw R., or by varying the weight U, which is made in sections fo'r this purpose, or by varying both the TIG tension of the spring and the Weight. When the foregoing adjustment has been made for any given pressure, the connection between the governor and valve-gear may be adjusted by lengthening or shortening the rod L, so that the plunger P Will stand when subjected to that pressure-in any desired position either at the upper limit of its movement or at some point below.

By the employment of a weight which opposes a constant resistance to the movement of the plunger P by the duid-pressure in cylinder O in connection With a springQ, which affords a variable resistance to such movement, a weaker spring may be employed. Therefore a smaller variation in the pressure is caused to change the speed of the engine than would be required to produce such change if the spring alone were used, and hence a more uniform and constant pressure may be maintained.

By the use of a comparatively weak spring in connection With the Weight a gradual change is effected in the cut-off of the steamvalves, and consequently a gradual change in the speed of the engine Whenever a slight or gradual change in the pressure produced by the pump or compressor takes place, whereas if a Weight which opposes a constant resistance to the movement of the plunger P were used alone a slight change in pressure sufficient to start said plunger would carry it to the extreme limit of its movement in either direction, and thereby shift the cut-off mechanism to the extreme limit of its adjustment and produce a sudden and extreme variation in the speed of the engine.

lvhere watersupplied by a pumping-engine is used for extinguishing fires, and for that purpose a higher pressure or head has to be temporarily maintained, an eXtra Weight may be suspended from the Weight U. This will have the effect of increasing the head or pressure maintained bythe pump and of increasing the speedV of the engine if necessary to maintain such pressure or head.

The dash-pot V is employed to preventoverthrow and wavering of the plunger and its connections, particularly when the pump operates upon an elastic fluid or gas, such as air. Vith inelastic fluids or liquids, such as water, it may be dispensed with.

By the term floating lever7 as herein employed is intended a lever Which has a shifting or movable fulcrum.

The governor, valve-gear, and manual or automatic adjusting device may be connected with said lever in any order*that.is, both the valve-gear and adjusting device may he connected on one and the same side of the governor connection, and either the valvegear connection or the adjusting device connection maybe made between the other two. In place of the cylinder and plunger O and P other automatic adjusting devices may be substituted for varying the speed of the engine, according to change in volume or pressure of the iiuid upon which the pump operates, either on the suction or discharge side. For example, a lioat in a reservoir, into which the pump discharges, or in a Well or sump, from which the pump draws liquid, may be connected with the floating lever, so that slight variationsin the level of the liquid will produce the same effect upon the regulating connection between the governor and valvegear as is produced by variations of fluidpressure on the plunger P. For manual adjustment alone a connection like that between the levers K and M may take the place of the cylinder and plunger' O and P.

It is obvious that the arrangement of cylinder O and plungerP may be reversed-that is, the cylinder may be movable and connected with the lever K and the plunger may be connected with a stationary support. In short, various changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts other than those hereinbefore pointed out may be made Without material effect upon the operation of the governor and Without departure from the principle andintended scope of myinvention.

In connection with governors of the class to which my invention relates a substantially constant steam pressure should be maintained.

I claiml. In a static governor the combination with the governor-shaft provided with oppositelyprojecting arms, of rolling weights having circular bearings, links centrally pivoted to said Weights and con necting them With Said arms, and a vertically-movable counterpoise resting with a rolling contact upon said Weights, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a static governor the combination with a vertical rotary shaft, of a vertically-movable counterpoiselooselymountedupon said shaft, and vertically-swinging Weights centrally connected with said shaft and having a rolling contact with said counterpoise which rests upon them, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a static governor the combination of a vertical rotary shaft, a sleeve fixed thereon and provided with oppositely-projecting iateral arms, rolling weights suspended from said arms by links to which they are centrally pivoted or journaled, and a vertically-movable counterpoise resting upon said weights and provided With projections loosely engag.

ing arms on said shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a static governor the combination of a vertical rotary shaft having laterally-projecting arms provided With rollers, a vertically-movable counterpoise having vertical pins or projections adapted to bear against said rollers, and round Weights centrally suspended by links from opposite arms on said shaft and having a rolling contact With said counterpoise which rests thereon, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination with a static governor IOO TIO

IZO

of an adjustable regulating connection between said governor and the valve-gear of a pumping-engine, comprising a floating lever having a movable pivot on which it swings as a fulcrum When actuated by the governor, means for automatically shifting said pivot according to variations in volume or pressure of the fluid which the pumping-engine operates upon, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination of a static governor comprising a rotary shaft, weights centrally suspended by links from arms on said shaft, and a movable counterpoise resting upon said weights which have a rolling contact therewith, and an adjustable regulating connection between said counterpoise and the valvegear of a pumping-engine, comprising a floating lever having a movable pivot on which it swings as a fulerum When actuated by the governor, and means for adjusting said pivot to vary the speed of the engine, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination with a static governor of an adjustable regulating connection comprising a oating lever pivotally connected with a movable part of the governor and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumpingengine, a cylinder and plunger, one of which is connected with said lever, a fluid connection for communicating to said cylinder and plunger the pressure by which the operation of the pumping-engine is controlled or regulated, and resistance opposing the movement of said lever by the fluidpressure acting through said cylinder and plunger, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination With a static governor of an adjustable regulating connection comprising a floating lever pivotally connected with a movable part of the governor and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumpingengine, a cylinder and plunger, one of Which is connected with said lever, a connection with said cylinder and plunger for communicating thereto the fluid-pressure by which the operation of the pumping-engine is controlled or regulated, and an adjustable resistance opposed to the movement of said lever by the fluid-pressure acting through said cylinder and plunger, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. The combination With a static governor, of an adjustable regulating connection comprising a lever connected with the governor and with the valve-gear of the engine, a cylinder and plunger, one of which is connected with said lever, a fluid-pressure connection With said cylinder, and a spring and Weight acting upon said lever in opposition to the ceases fluid-pressure in said cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. j

lO. The combination With a static governor, of an adjustable regulating connection comprising a.. floating lever pivotally connected with a movable part of the governor and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumpingengine, a cylinder and plunger, one of which is connected with said lever, a duid-pressure connection with said cylinder, and an adjustable spring and adj ustably-weighted lever opposing the movement of said lever by fiuidpressure, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

11. The combination with a static governor, of a oating lever having a pivotconnection With the governor and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumping-engine, a cylinder and plunger, one of which is connected with said lever, a Huid-pressure connection with said cylinder, a resistance opposed to the movement of said lever by fluid-pressure, and a dash-pot having a plunger which is connected with said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l2. The combination With a static governor, of a floating lever having a pivot connection with the governor, and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumping-engine, a vertically-disposed stationary cylinder closed at its upper end and having a fluid connection with the discharge-conduit of the pumpingengine, a plunger fitted in said cylinder and connected by rods on opposite sides thereof with said lever, an adjustable spring, and an adj ustably-Weighted lever pressing upwardly against said plungerin opposition to the iiuidpressure in said cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

13. The combination with a static governor comprising rolling weights centrally pivoted or journaled toand suspended by links from arms on a vertical rotary shaft, and a vertically-movable counterpoise resting upon said Weights, of an adjustable regulating connection comprising a floating lever having a pivot connection with said counterpoise and also connected with the valve-gear of a pumpingengine, a cylinder and plunger, one of which is connected with said lever, a duid-pressure connection with said cylinder, and a resistance opposed to the movement of Ysaid lever by the fluid-pressure in said cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In Witness whereof I hereto aiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

BRUNO V. NORDBERG.

Witnesses: i

Y CEAS. L. Goss,

KENT H. FLANDERs.

IOO

IIO 

